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' Letters Patent No'. 76,636, dated April 14, 1868.

IMPnovnMBNT In LET-ors MBUHANISM ron Looms.

tlgt tlgehnle referrer to in 'flirte-gatas ntent :uit making anni the time.

-TO ALL PERSONS TO WHOM THESEPRESENTS MY COME:

Be it known that I, vDANIEL HUssEr, of Nashua, lin the county ci' Hillsboro, and State of New Hampshire, have invented a new and useful Let-Oliv Mechanism for Looms for weaving'cloth; and I do hereby declare the sameto be fully described in the following specification, andiepresented in the accompanying drawings, of Which- Figure 1 is a top view, and

Figure 2 an end elevation of a loom-frame provided with my invention.

Figure 43 is a vertical section, taken through the dili`erential gears, to be hereinafter described, the plane of section being in line with the axis of saidgearS.

In the said drawings, denotes the loom-frame, 'B the yarn-beam, and C the lay-shaft.

Over the yarn-beam is what is termed the fwhip-roll bar or depres'ser, Dwhose-journals, a a., are supported in bearings, bb, of the-loom-irame. An arm, c, extended 'from one of suchjourn`als,rests o n Athe top of a vertical slide-rod, d, which is encompassed and supported by a spring, c, and arranged so as to be capable of beingsiidvertically-in-guides fifi.

From the lower end of the slide-rod, a pawl-elevatoigf, of the'form shown in the drawings, projects, and extends alongside of a ratchet, g, and underneath and against a pawl, It, to-o'perate in such ratchet, 'or with its teeth. The s ai'd paw'l is carried by a crank, z', which turns loosely on and is supported by a shaft, k, lthat, on' its inner en d, carries a pinion, Z. Such pinion engages with a gear, n n-'xed'on the shaft or o ne head of the yarn-beam or roller B. A connecting-roda, jointed'to the cranica', leads'therefrom to and is jointed to a crank, a, xed on the end of the lay-shaft. I I 'l y Erom the above, it will be seen that, when the'lay-shaft is in revolution, a. reciprocating' vilrratory motion will be imparted. to the crank z', and so as to cause its' pawl, ln-to bel moved, forward and back, on'or over -the periphery of the ratchet g. Thus, when the pawl is lowered into contact with the teeth of the ratchet while in motion forward, 'such p awl will turn the ratchet,.but, when raised out olf-engagement with suchteethby'the` elevatorf, the pawl will be moved 4on the elevator, and not turn the ratchet. The said ratchet is attached to the side of a disk, p, that turns freelyon the shaft c. On al liournal, g, extendedfrom the said disk, a long pinion or gear, r, is placed, s o as to b e capable of revolving freely on such journal; This pinionengages with two internal gears, s t, arranged, with respect to each other, as represented. There is one or more less teeth in` one of such gears than in the other; or, in other words, the gear s has one moretooth than thegear tr The gear tis fastened'to and so as to revolve with the shaft c, the gear .s' being formed Within a tube or`hollow shaft; u, which encircles the geart, and carries a ratchet, o, with which aretaining-pawl, w, supported ona pin extendedfrom the loom-frame, engages. l l

The gears r's t are termed differential gears, their operation being .well understood by mechanicians. With the ratchet o, and pawl w, the shaft c, and the gearsl m, the diiferential 4gears operate, to hold the yarn: beam from revolving under the strain of the warps, but when the tension of the yarns may'be so great as to force downward the whip-'roll or bar D, the arm c will depress the elevatorf, and thus allowl thepawl to engage with and actuate the ratchet g. The said ratchet will revolve the disk orl wheel p, which, with the gears s t, will cause the pinion r to have'an orbital revolution. f

As the gear s will be held stationary by its ratchet, v, and pawl, w, the pinion `r will be revolved on its axis. In going around the entirefcirale of orbital revolution, such' pinion, by actionoi` its teeth on those of the gears s t, will revolve the gear t a' distance of one too-th, and, of course, the shaft k will be revolved acorresp'onding areal measure' by the wheel t. As'the gear Z will be turned by the shaft lo, the gear m will be revolved; so as .to cause the yarn-beam' to turn and' deliver the yarn to the amount required. As the yarn may slacken, thewhip-'roll or depresser D, and the pawl-elevatorf, will' bethrown up by the action. of the spring e, therisng -qf the Velevator causing the pawl 7i to be thrown out of engagement with' the ratchet g, whereby the delivery of the yarn will be' arrested until such time asA the said .pawl may again-be lowered intoengagement with the ratchet.

'1eme 2 l During each rotary movement of the'ratchetg in the fractional part of a circle, the'pinionl will have Y imparted to it a degree of rotary motion which vill be in proportion to the areal movement of the *shaft k, pro-4 duced by one orhital revolu'tion of the lpinion r, as the-fractional rotarymovement'of the ratchet g is to one entire revolution thereof. Thus, it will be seen vthat v. large amount vof movement of therntchetg will he attended with a production of a ver-y small amount of rotary motion of the yarn-bcam. the motion of the pawl h, 'while the lay-shaft may be in revolution, being what is usually termed npositive motion. i

y Great advantages result from the above-.described let-oft' mechanism, as, by lifting the pawl vw out of `a'ctziouwith the ratchet vra workman canieasily move back -the yarn-beam, so as to slncken up the warps, whenever it'ma'y be desirable -to do so for any purpose; and, furthermore, it dispenses with the usual friction-brake or apparatus used in various let-off motions" or mechanismsin use.

I claim thecombination of thendierential gears r s t, their ratchets g 11and holding and impe'llng-pawls I h w, `withi'tle shaft Ic of the yarn-beam gearing, and with the whip-roller or.depresserV D, und mechanisms forv actuating the'mpellng-pawl h, substantially in the ways as hereinbefore described.

DANIEL HSSEY.

Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, .F. P. HALE, Jr. 

